The fourth option is exemplified by the use of the streptococcal endopeptidase imflimidase, which cleaves the HC of all four subclasses of IgG and the IgG-like B cell receptor on CD19 + memory B cells [410,411,412], thereby depleting the IgG pool and possibly lowering the production of IgG [410, 413]
The same anatomical knowledge directly informs injection placement
and intravenously as an infusion
Other model organisms, including Caenorhabditis elegans , zebrafish ( Danio rerio ), turquoise killifish ( Nothobranchius furzeri ), and fruit fly ( Drosophila melanogaster ), provide powerful platforms for studying oxidative stress, aging, and antioxidant responses due to their genetic tractability and conserved biological pathways (Lin et al., 2023)